题目解析：
【题目翻译】根据第3段，一些追随阿纳西曼德的希腊哲学家并不认同他的观点
A：世界是由水以外的东西构成的。
B：所有的生命都起源于海洋。
C：天空是一个环绕地球的球体。
D：地球是圆柱形的。
【判定题型】：题目问的是文章中的具体细节信息，故根据题目问法可以判断本题为事实信息题。
【关键词定位】本题根据Greek philosopher和Anaximander定位回原文中这一句：He believed, though, that the shape of Earth was that of a cylinder rather than the sphere that later Greek philosophers would conjecture. 意思是“Anaximander相信地球是圆的，尽管后来的希腊哲学家认为地球是另一种形状”。
【逻辑分析】：结合题目问法和出题句，进行逻辑分析。
【选项分析】
A.文章：他不接受水是物质本源的说法，他还是相信生命发源于大海的。故选项错误。
B.文章未说他认为所以生命都起源于海洋。故选项错误。
C.他认为：他相信地球的形状是更类似于圆筒而不是后来的希腊哲学家推测出来的球形。故选项错误。
D.选项D正确。
Anaximander's most important contributions, though, were in other areas. Although he did not accept that water was the prime element, he did believe that all life originated in the sea, and he was thus one of the first to conceive of this important idea. Anaximander is credited with drawing up the first world map of the Greeks and also with recognizing that Earth's surface was curved.He believed, though, that the shape of Earth was that of a cylinder rather than the sphere that later Greek philosophers would conjecture. Anaximander, observing the motions of the heavens around the polestar, was probably the first of the Greek philosophers to picture the sky as sphere completely surrounding Earth-an idea that, elaborated upon later, would prevail until the advent of the Scientific Revolution in the seventeenth century.
